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Aditya Hridayam

All 31 verses of the hymn.

In the Yuddha Kanda of the Ramayana, Rama is weary before his encounter with Ravana. Sage Agastya teaches him this hymn to Aditya, the Sun. The passage moves from that setting into praise of the Sun and then returns to Rama’s renewed resolve.

Prayer text

Sanskrit in Roman letters (IAST transliteration). Pronunciation guide

tato yuddhapariśrāntaṃ samare cintayā sthitam |
rāvaṇaṃ cāgrato dṛṣṭvā yuddhāya samupasthitam || 1 ||

daivataiśca samāgamya draṣṭumabhyāgato raṇam |
upāgamyābravīdrāmamagastyo bhagavānṛṣiḥ || 2 ||

rāma rāma mahābāho śṛṇu guhyaṃ sanātanam |
yena sarvānarīnvatsa samare vijayiṣyasi || 3 ||

ādityahṛdayaṃ puṇyaṃ sarvaśatruvināśanam |
jayāvahaṃ japennityamakṣayaṃ paramaṃ śivam || 4 ||

sarvamaṅgalamāṅgalyaṃ sarvapāpapraṇāśanam |
cintāśokapraśamanaṃ āyurvardhanamuttamam || 5 ||

raśmimantaṃ samudyantaṃ devāsuranamaskṛtam |
pūjayasva vivasvantaṃ bhāskaraṃ bhuvaneśvaram || 6 ||

sarvadevātmako hyeṣa tejasvī raśmibhāvanaḥ |
eṣa devāsuragaṇām̐llokān pāti gabhastibhiḥ || 7 ||

eṣa brahmā ca viṣṇuśca śivaḥ skandaḥ prajāpatiḥ |
mahendro dhanadaḥ kālo yamaḥ somo hyapāṃ patiḥ || 8 ||

pitaro vasavaḥ sādhyā hyaśvinau maruto manuḥ |
vāyurvahniḥ prajāprāṇa ṛtukartā prabhākaraḥ || 9 ||

ādityaḥ savitā sūryaḥ khagaḥ pūṣā gabhastimān |
suvarṇasadṛśo bhānurhiraṇyaretā divākaraḥ || 10 ||

haridaśvaḥ sahasrārciḥ saptasaptirmarīcimān |
timironmathanaḥ śambhustvaṣṭā mārtāṇḍa aṃśumān || 11 ||

hiraṇyagarbhaḥ śiśirastapano bhāskaro raviḥ |
agnigarbho’diteḥ putraḥ śaṅkhaḥ śiśiranāśanaḥ || 12 ||

vyomanāthastamobhedī ṛgyajuḥsāmapāragaḥ |
ghanavṛṣṭirapāṃ mitro vindhyavīthī plavaṅgamaḥ || 13 ||

ātapī maṇḍalī mṛtyuḥ piṅgalaḥ sarvatāpanaḥ |
kavirviśvo mahātejāḥ raktaḥ sarvabhavodbhavaḥ || 14 ||

nakṣatragrahatārāṇāmadhipo viśvabhāvanaḥ |
tejasāmapi tejasvī dvādaśātmannamo’stu te || 15 ||

namaḥ pūrvāya giraye paścimāyādraye namaḥ |
jyotirgaṇānāṃ pataye dinādhipataye namaḥ || 16 ||

jayāya jayabhadrāya haryaśvāya namo namaḥ |
namo namaḥ sahasrāṃśo ādityāya namo namaḥ || 17 ||

nama ugrāya vīrāya sāraṅgāya namo namaḥ |
namaḥ padmaprabodhāya mārtāṇḍāya namo namaḥ || 18 ||

brahmeśānācyuteśāya sūryāyādityavarcase |
bhāsvate sarvabhakṣāya raudrāya vapuṣe namaḥ || 19 ||

tamoghnāya himaghnāya śatrughnāyāmitātmane |
kṛtaghnaghnāya devāya jyotiṣāṃ pataye namaḥ || 20 ||

taptacāmīkarābhāya vahnaye viśvakarmaṇe |
namastamo’bhinighnāya rucaye lokasākṣiṇe || 21 ||

nāśayatyeṣa vai bhūtaṃ tadeva sṛjati prabhuḥ |
pāyatyeṣa tapatyeṣa varṣatyeṣa gabhastibhiḥ || 22 ||

eṣa supteṣu jāgarti bhūteṣu pariniṣṭhitaḥ |
eṣa evāgnihotraṃ ca phalaṃ caivāgnihotriṇām || 23 ||

vedāśca kratavaścaiva kratūnāṃ phalameva ca |
yāni kṛtyāni lokeṣu sarva eṣa raviḥ prabhuḥ || 24 ||

enamāpatsu kṛcchreṣu kāntāreṣu bhayeṣu ca |
kīrtayan puruṣaḥ kaścinnāvasīdati rāghava || 25 ||

pūjayasvainamekāgro devadevaṃ jagatpatim |
etat triguṇitaṃ japtvā yuddheṣu vijayiṣyasi || 26 ||

asminkṣaṇe mahābāho rāvaṇaṃ tvaṃ vadhiṣyasi |
evamuktvā tadā’gastyo jagāma ca yathāgatam || 27 ||

etacchrutvā mahātejā naṣṭaśoko’bhavattadā |
dhārayāmāsa suprīto rāghavaḥ prayatātmavān || 28 ||

ādityaṃ prekṣya japtvā tu paraṃ harṣamavāptavān |
trirācamya śucirbhūtvā dhanurādāya vīryavān || 29 ||

rāvaṇaṃ prekṣya hṛṣṭātmā yuddhāya samupāgamat |
sarva yatnena mahatā vadhe tasya dhṛto’bhavat || 30 ||

atha raviravadannirīkṣya rāmaṃ
muditamanāḥ paramaṃ prahṛṣyamāṇaḥ |
niśicarapatisaṅkṣayaṃ viditvā
suragaṇamadhyagato vacastvareti || 31 ||

Understanding this prayer

Verses 1–5 introduce the scene and the prayer. Verses 6–24 praise the Sun through many names and connect its light with life, time and the sacred order. Verses 25–31 describe Agastya’s encouragement and Rama’s response. “Hridayam” means heart or essence; here it points to the heart of the teaching about Aditya.

Words to recognise

  • Aditya: a name of the Sun associated with Aditi.
  • Rashmi: a ray of light.
  • Bhaskara: the maker of light.

This is a summary of the prayer’s themes, rather than a word-for-word translation. Traditional blessings in a hymn express faith and hope; they do not guarantee health, wealth or protection from harm.

Reading help

Start with a few lines at a comfortable pace. A single bar (|) marks a pause and a double bar (||) marks the end of a verse. Where numbers appear, they refer to the hymn’s verses, not a required number of repetitions.

How to read the Roman letters

Long vowels ā, ī and ū are held longer than a, i and u. The letter c is like “ch” in “church”; ś and ṣ are two Sanskrit “sh” sounds. The dots in ṭ, ḍ and ṇ mark sounds made with the tongue curled back. ṛ is a vowel; ṃ marks a nasal sound and ḥ a light release of breath. A mark like ’ indicates an omitted a at a word boundary.

In simple spelling, aa, ii and uu usually stand for the long vowels, while sh stands for a “sh” sound. Written spelling is a starting point; listening to a knowledgeable reciter helps with sounds that English does not distinguish.

Do I need to perform a full ritual?

You may read the hymn and its explanation as devotional literature. This page does not prescribe fasting, costly offerings or a compulsory daily count. Formal practices, including mantra initiation and nyasa (ritual placement of mantras), vary by tradition and are best learned with a teacher.

Text reference: Aditya Hridayam at Sanskrit Documents. Readings and verse numbering can vary between editions. This page focuses on the hymn text; separate ritual preliminaries and closing source attributions are not reproduced.

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